If you're considering carrying pepper spray for self defense purposes, the first question most people ask is whether they should buy MACE or pepper spray. In reality, they are one and the same. MACE is simply a brand name.

When choosing a spray, you'll want to look for the most effective version you can find. Those with a finer mist are usually more effective than those with a larger spray. Some will shoot in a line, while others blanket a larger area. These might be a better choice if you are worried about your aim, since it must be sprayed directly into your attacker's fact in order to be effective. Some are more of a foam than a liquid; these are more effective on windy days than liquids which may blow in the wind.

The most effective spray has a high concentration of oleoresin capsicum or other active ingredients. Usually, anywhere from 3-5 percent is ideal; higher concentrations will be too thick to spray correctly, while lower concentrations are too weak. There are some exceptions; if a ten percent solution is mixed correctly, it can be quite effective. The heat of a pepper spray is measured in SHU, or Scoville heat units. The higher this number, the more intensely it will burn.

Choose a spray canister with a large effective range. Some small canisters only work within three feet of your attacker; others will work from nearly 20 feet away. Obviously the latter type is beneficial, as you do not need to be very close to an attacker in order for the spray to be effective.

Other features you may want to look for in pepper spray include a safety latch to prevent accidental spray or belt loops for easy carrying. Some sprays are mixed with UV dye, so that your attacker can later be identified under a blacklight.

Finally, consider the canister shape and size. If you plan to carry it in a purse or pocket, choose a portable canister, such as a one-ounce keychain. Larger canisters can be kept in your home or another location. Pepper spray should not be routinely stored in vehicles, especially during cold or hot seasons, because it is possible for the can to burst in extreme temperatures. Larger cans will hold more one-second bursts, though even the smallest canisters should hold enough to temporarily disable any attacker. Some sprays are concealed and disguised to look like a pen, lipstick tube, or other common object. You may feel more comfortable carrying these in your purse than an aerosol spray can of pepper spray. You can even buy a pepper spray ring that fits on your finger and will spray up to three feet away.

Before purchasing, be sure you know all of the applicable local laws. Pepper spray is legal in all 50 states, though some restrictions may apply. For example, many places only allow pepper spray to be sold by licensed firearms dealers or online. Some states also require a permit or classes before owning it. If you have any doubts, call your local police station. Even though pepper spray is as easy to use as a spray paint can, you may want to consider a class to learn valuable self-defense tips.