Getting a dog is a long term commitment (or should be) and therefore, requires a thoughtful approach. Since a dog will be a part of your family for the next decade or two it's a good idea to make sure you are getting a healthy dog that has been bred responsibly so you don't end up with one that has poor health or a bad temperament years later. You want to avoid the puppy mills and backyard breeders and find a qualified breeder that is responsible and knowledgeable. The following are signs of a good breeder.

The breeder shows you where the dogs spend their time and it is well-maintained and clean. The dogs are kept in the home as part of the family rather than being locked outside in kennel runs and are fed high quality pet food. They never sell dogs through a pet store or in any other way that doesn't allow interaction between the buyer and the puppy to make sure they are a good match and will provide a good life long home for the dog.

The dogs appear to be happy, healthy and inquisitive. They are excited to see new people and don't shy away from visitors. The breeder has a good relationship with a veterinarian and has records of veterinary visits and vaccinations for the puppies. They also provide you with a written contract and guarantee of health that does not require you use a specific veterinarian.

The breeder doesn't always have puppies available and keeps a waiting list for interested people. They also provide references from others who have purchased puppies from them. They encourage multiple visits and want your entire family to meet the puppy. You are also encouraged to spend some time with the puppy's mother and, if possible, the father too. They also offer guidance about training and caring for the puppy and will be available for questions later.

The breeder only breeds one or two different breeds of dogs and is familiar with the standards for those particular breeds (such as desired size, color, coat, proportion and temperament) as well as potential genetic defects that are common for the breed. The breeder should have documentation that the puppy's parents and grandparents have been tested and are free from such defects. They also may be involved with dog clubs that specialize in the specific breed.

A good breeder will require that you explain why you want to own a dog, who will be responsible for the puppy's daily care, where she will be kept, how training will be provided. They may also require a veterinary reference and proof from a landlord or condo board that you are allowed a dog. You may be required to sign an agreement to spay or neuter the dog (unless it is a show dog) and to return the dog if you become unable to keep the dog.

Since you will probably live with your dog for the next 10-20 years it is a good investment of time to make sure that you are working with a reputable breeder that breeds happy and healthy dogs.